Hibernate is a skill in high demand among Java developers. The Hibernate framework aims to free Java developers from complex persistence configurations by abstractly mapping POJO objects to database tables. Top tech companies use Hibernate in their tech stacks, so they seek Java Web Developers who are well-versed in Hibernate.
We’ve listed the top advanced Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals in this article. Practicing these Hibernate interview questions and answers will help you revise the key concepts and assess your preparation for the upcoming technical interview.
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Interviewers at top tech companies expect Hibernate developers to be well-prepared for Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals and basic concepts. Let’s go through some of the most common questions asked in tech interviews.
The following four reasons make Java Hibernate so popular:
Hibernate uses a fetching strategy for retrieving associated objects when the application has to navigate the association. The strategies can be declared in the O/R mapping metadata or overridden by a particular HQL or criteria query. Hibernate supports the following fetching strategies:
This is one of the most commonly asked Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced developers. An application developed using Hibernate consists of the following four parts:
Hibernate framework consists of the following main elements:
HQL stands for Hibernate Query Language. It serves as an extension of SQL. It is straightforward and very flexible. Using HQL, a developer need not write complicated queries. It is used for performing complex operations on relational databases. HQL is the object-oriented query language that uses the Query interface of Hibernate. So, you will be using a class name instead of a table name. Thus, the language is independent of any database.
Interviewers often ask such Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals to gauge your proficiency in HQL. The following table enumerates the most commonly used methods and their functions.
The one-to-many association indicates that one object is associated with multiple objects. On the contrary, many-to-many association indicates multiple relations between the instances of two entities.
Recommended Reading: Most Frequently Asked Hibernate Interview Questions With Answers
No, we should not declare the entity class final because Hibernate employs objects for lazy loading of data and proxy classes and hits the database only if it is absolutely necessary. You can achieve the same by extending the entity bean. However, if you declare the entity class (or bean) final, then it cant be extended. As a result, lazy loading won't be supported.
The term polymorphic association is used in discussions of ORM with respect to the problem of representing in the relational database domain a relationship from one class to multiple classes. In Java, these multiple classes serve as subclasses of the same superclass.
Concurrency strategies act like mediators storing and retrieving items from the cache. The following concurrency strategies are used in Hibernate:
The following practices help avoid SQL Injection attacks:
JMX or Java Management Extensions is a Java technology that provides tools for monitoring and managing applications, devices, system objects, and service-oriented networks. The resources are represented by objects referred to as Managed Beans.
You can bind the SessionFactory to JNDI using the values of hibernate.jndi.url, hibernate.jndi.class to instantiate an initial context.
The Hibernate QBC API stands for Hibernate Query By Criteria Application Performing Interface. It is used to create queries by manipulating criteria objects at runtime.
The evict() method in Hibernate helps detach the object from the session cache. Once the object is detached from the session, any change to the object will not be persisted.
The callback interface is used in a Hibernate application to receive a notification when an object event occurs, such as loading, saving, or deletion. It is used with HibernateTemplate's execution methods, and its implementation will call session.load/find/update to perform certain operations on persistent objects.
Learn more about Hibernate Java Interview Questions for Beginners and Experienced Developers.
Practicing the following Java Hibernate interview questions for experienced professionals will help you get familiar with the most anticipated Hibernate developer questions.
This completes the list of the most commonly asked Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals. You must practice these and enroll in a few mock interviews to get familiar with technical interviews and obtain experts' recommendations on your interview preparation.
Q1. Is Hibernate important for backend developers?
Hibernate is one of the most popular Java backend frameworks as it provides an abstraction layer for interacting with databases and allows establishing connections to implement CRUD operations.
Q2. What is lazy loading in Hibernate interview questions for experienced developers?
Lazy loading is one of the most frequently asked Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals. Lazy loading in Hibernate is when it does not initially load the children (child objects) along with the parent; rather, it loads children on demand. The feature improves the performance and is enabled by default in Hibernate.
Q3. Do Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced professionals include coding?
Yes, the interviewer can ask you to explain Hibernate features through code. You should practice coding problems to ace coding interview rounds during on-site interviews at top companies.
Q4. What topics are important for Hibernate interview questions and answers for experienced developers?
You should be well versed in the following Hibernate concepts: Lazy Loading, Concurrency, SQL injection risks, fetching, annotations in Hibernate, Hibernate architecture, and APIs.
Q5. What is the average salary of a Hibernate developer in the US?
The average salary of a Hibernate developer is $120,000/year or $61.54/hour in the United States. While entry-level positions begin at $97,500/year, experienced professionals can earn up to $150,000/year (Source: talent.com).
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